A vascular ultrasound—also called duplex or Doppler ultrasound—uses sound waves to create images of arteries or veins and assess moving blood. It can help identify narrowing, blockage, reflux or a blood clot without ionising radiation.
The scan requested depends on the clinical question. An arterial study, venous clot study and varicose-vein reflux assessment examine different structures and should not be treated as interchangeable tests.
Key takeaways
- Doppler ultrasound evaluates blood direction and speed as well as vessel appearance.
- It may be used for suspected DVT, arterial narrowing, aneurysm or venous reflux.
- Most studies are non-invasive and use gel and a handheld probe.
- A normal scan does not rule out every cause of pain or swelling.
What happens during the scan?
The sonographer exposes the area being examined, applies water-based gel and moves a probe over the skin. You may hear pulsing sounds representing blood flow. Gentle pressure or position changes may be required, especially during a vein study.
The duration varies with the body area and complexity. Some abdominal vascular studies require fasting, while many limb studies do not. Follow the instructions supplied with the appointment.
Questions vascular ultrasound can answer
A venous study can look for deep vein thrombosis. An arterial study can assess reduced blood flow and help locate narrowing. Other protocols evaluate carotid arteries, an enlarged aorta, dialysis access or the direction of flow in varicose veins.
The result must be interpreted alongside symptoms, pulse examination, blood pressure measurements and medical history.
Benefits and limitations
Ultrasound is widely used because it is non-invasive and does not use X-rays. However, deep vessels, heavy calcification, swelling or body habitus can make some areas difficult to assess. Further imaging may be recommended when ultrasound cannot answer the clinical question.
Do not assume that one scan is the best first test for every circulation concern. Clinical assessment determines the correct protocol.
When symptoms should not wait
A suddenly cold, pale, painful or numb limb is an emergency. New one-sided leg swelling with chest pain, breathlessness or coughing blood also requires urgent medical attention. Do not wait for a routine outpatient ultrasound appointment in these situations.
Getting appropriate care in Seremban
For an individual assessment, contact CMH Vascular Surgery service. The appropriate specialty, test or urgency depends on your symptoms, medical history and examination.
This article provides general health information and is not a diagnosis or a substitute for personalised medical advice. Seek urgent medical care for severe or rapidly worsening symptoms.
